Walid 1 | Prosopography of the Byzantine Empire |
| Sex | M |
| Floruit | E VIII |
| Dates | 705 (taq) / 715 (ob.) |
| Variant Names | Oualid; Wlyd |
| Religion | Muslim |
| Ethnicity | Arab |
| Locations | Damascus (officeplace); Damascus (residence); Damascus |
| Titles | Caliph (office) |
| Textual Sources | Bar Hebraeus, Chronographia, tr. E. A. W. Budge, The Chronography of Abu 'l-Faraj (London, 1932; repr. Amsterdam, 1976) (history); Chronicon Anonymi ad annum 1234 pertinens, ed. and tr. J.-B. Chabot, I = CSCO 81-82 (Paris, 1916-20), II = CSCO 109 (Louvain, 1937) (chronicle); Chronique de Denys de Tell-Mahré, ed. and tr. J.-B. Chabot (Paris, 1895); tr. A. Palmer, The Seventh Century in West-Syrian Chronicles (Liverpool, 1993), pp. 54-65 (chronicle); Constantine Porphyrogenitus, De Administrando Imperio, ed. G. Moravcsik, trans. R. J. H. Jenkins (Washington, D.C., 1967) (history); Elias Barshinaya, Chronicle (Eliae metropolitae Nisibeni, Opus chronologicum, pars prior, ed. and tr. E. W. Brooks, CSCO 62 and CSCO 63 (1910) (chronicle); Michael the Syrian, Chronicle, ed. and tr. J.-B. Chabot, La chronique de Michel le Syrien (Paris, 1899-1904) (chronicle); Nicephorus, Breviarium Historiae, ed. C. Mango, Nikephoros, Patriarch of Constantinople: Short History; prev. ed. C. de Boor Nicephori ArchiepiscopiConstantinopolitani Opuscula Historica Leipzig 1880 (history); Theophanes Confessor, Chronographia, ed. C. de Boor, 2 vols. (Leipzig, 1883-85, repr. Hildesheim/NewYork, 1980); tr. and comm. C. Mango and R. Scott, The Chronicle of Theophanes Confessor, Oxford 1997 (chronicle) |
Son of Abdulmalik 1, Walid 1 succeeded his father as caliph in 705: Theoph. AM 6197 (Ἀβιμέλεχ ... καὶ ἐκράτησεν Οὐαλίδ, ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ), Chron. 1234, §153 (p. 298). Brother of Maslama 1: Chron. 1234, §153 (p. 298). Brother also of Sulayman 4: Chron. 1234, §155 (p. 300). Walid 1 began to destroy the churches in Damascus; Walid 1 replaced the church of Saint John there with a mosque, which he adorned with "images of gilded tesserae": Chron. 1234, §153 (p. 298), cf. Theoph. AM 6199 (in 706 he seized the church in Damascus). In 707 Walid 1 ordered that the language of public documents should henceforth be Arabic and he forbade the use of Greek, hitherto the language of the public accounts: Chron. 1234, §153 (pp. 298-299), Theoph. AM 6199. Walid 1 dismissed his uncle Muhammad 2 from the rule of Mesopotamia in 707 and replaced him with his brother Maslama 1: Chron. 1234, §153 (p. 299).
Ruler of the Saracens (unnamed; ὁ τῶν Σαρακηνῶν βασιλεύς); in 708 he sent an army under Maslama 1 and Sulayman 4 to lay siege to Tyana: Nic. Brev. de Boor 43, Mango 44, Chron. 1234, § 153 (p. 298). Ruler of the Saracens (unnamed; (ὁ τῶν Σαρακηνῶν βασιλεὺς: Nic. Brev. de Boor 49, Mango 49:3); he made preparations for war against the Romans during the reign of Anastasios II (Anastasios 6), when he received the embassy of Daniel 1: Nic. Brev. de Boor 49, Mango 49, Theoph. AM 6206.
Walid 1 died in 715 and was succeeded by Sulayman 4: Theoph. AM 6207, Chron. 1234, §155 (p. 300) (in the year 1026 of the Greeks, one of Anastasios and 96 of the Arabs, in the month of Shebat, i.e. February). In AH 77 (April 696/March 697) = 1007 Sel. (695/696) Walid, the brother (sic!) of `Abd al-Malik (Abdulmalik 1), was sent by `Abd al-Malik to invade the lands of the Romans: Elias, Chron., p. 153, 10-14 = pp. 73ff. In AH 86 (Jan.-Dec. 705) = 1016 Sel. (704/705) `Abd al-Malik died and was succeeded by his brother (sic!) Walid on Thursday the 14th of Shawwal (?Oct.): Elias, Chron., p. 157, 1-5 = p. 75. In AH 96 (September 714/September 715) = 1025 Sel. (713/714) Walid ibn `Abd al-Malik died and was succeeded by his brother Sulayman (Sulayman 4) on Sunday, the 14th of Djumada II (February/March 715): Elias, Chron., p. 160, 21-26 = p. 77.
In the year 1014 Sel. (702/703) Walid (Walid 1) became king of the Arabs in succession to `Abd al-Malik (Abdulmalik 1) and reigned for nine years: Pseudo-Dion., Chron., p. 155, 1-4 = p. 116. In the year 1023 Sel. (711/712) Walid 1 died and was succeeded by Sulayman 4: Pseudo-Dion., Chron., p. 156, 7-9 = p. 117. Son of Abd al-Malik, he succeeded his father as caliph and reigned for nine years and five months; Walid 1 sent Maslama 1 on a raid into Cappadocia and Tyana was captured: Bar Hebr., p. 106, Mich. Syr. II 478. Walid 1 persecuted Christians, replacing the main church at Damascus with a mosque and ordering the execution of all Christians held captive in the churches of Syria; Walid 1 also ordered that public accounts should henceforth be written in Arabic and no longer in Greek: Bar Hebr., pp. 106-107. Walid 1 died in the year 1026 Sel. (714/715) and was succeeded by his brother Sulayman 4: Bar Hebr., p. 107, Mich. Syr. II 479. Son of Abd al-Malik (Abdulmalik 1), Walid 1 succeeded his father as ruler of the Arabs and ruled them for nine years: Const. Porph., DAI 22, 33ff. He was succeeded by Sulayman 4: Const. Porph., DAI 22, 49. Walid 1 was father of Abas 2 and Yezid 4: cf. Abas 2 and Mich. Syr. II 502.
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